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These photos will illustrate the difference between free gingival grafts and subepithelial connective tissue grafts. The autogenous palatal free gingival graft has been used for many years by clinicians to widen the zone of attached gingiva and cover exposed roots. Problems with this procedure may include unesthetic post-operative results, unpredictable root coverage and bleeding from the donor site. On the other hand, there are situations when this is our only choice due to limitations of the existing gingiva (i.e. very thin non-keratinized mucosa). Also, the free gingival graft is often the only way to predictably widen the zone of attached gingiva. Acrylic palatal retainers may also be used to aid in hemostasis and cover the donor site, keeping food and debris away from the exposed tissue. See photos for procedure.
The subepithelial connective tissue graft is more predictable for covering exposed roots and is esthetically much more pleasing. The palate is still used as a donor site, but donor tissue is removed from below the epithelium. Thus, the epithelium is not removed, so the wound has primary closure. The donor tissue is then placed beneath the existing gingiva on the tooth with recession (which is opened as a full or partial thickness flap). The existing gingiva is then coronally positioned to cover the donor tissue and sutured. The esthetic results are very good. See photos for procedure. All photos are from the same patient, same day. Both procedures were done in different areas (CT graft #11 and FGG #24-25).
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| Pre-Op CT Graft | Post-Op CT Graft | 3 Month Post-Op CT Graft |
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| Pre-Op FG Graft | Post-Op FG Graft | 3 Month Post-Op FG Graft |
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| Palatal Acrylic Stent |
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